Final answer:
Elephant toothpaste is a chemistry demonstration that involves the rapid decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. The chemicals needed include hydrogen peroxide, dish soap, a catalyst (potassium iodide or yeast), and food coloring for visual effect.
Step-by-step explanation:
Elephant toothpaste is a popular chemistry demonstration that involves the rapid decomposition of hydrogen peroxide using a catalyst. The chemicals needed to make elephant toothpaste are:
- Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)
- Dish soap (a detergent)
- Potassium iodide (KI) or yeast (as a catalyst)
- Food coloring (optional for visual effect)
When hydrogen peroxide is mixed with the dish soap and the catalyst (potassium iodide or yeast), it rapidly decomposes, releasing oxygen gas and water. The dish soap helps to trap and stabilize the oxygen gas, creating a foamy eruption similar to toothpaste squeezing out of a tube.