Final answer:
This scenario illustrates the advantage of individual incentives known as 'economic rationality' or 'maximizing income'. Shelby and Marcus are both motivated to work hard and compete in order to win the bonus offered by the company.
Step-by-step explanation:
This scenario illustrates the advantage of individual incentives known as 'economic rationality' or 'maximizing income'. In this case, Shelby and Marcus are both motivated to work hard and compete in order to win the bonus offered by the company. Shelby wishes to have more time for traveling to various races, but work keeps her busy. On the other hand, Kevin wants to earn as much overtime as possible to pay off his college loans. Both individuals are driven by the desire to maximize their income, which is a key advantage of individual incentives.