Answer:
2.statistical discrimination
Step-by-step explanation:
Statistical discrimination is a theorized behavior in which racial or gender inequality results when economic agents (consumers, workers, employers, etc.) have imperfect information about individuals they interact with.
An example is labor market discrimination against women, particularly married women, who may not be hired because they are statistically more likely to take time off to raise a family. Another example is racial profiling in law enforcement: minorities are more likely to be pulled over than white drivers.