Answer: All of the Above
Explanation:
Environmental stochasticity refers to unpredictable spatiotemporal alterations in extrinsic environmental conditions.
However, the variation in population dynamics across patches for the purpose of risk spreading can be described as indication of spatiotemporal flunctuation.
Moreover, activities within a population that are random and unpredicted and are demonstrated by individual behaviors causing migration in or out of a population, is one of effects of spatiotemporal fluctuation in environment.
Furthermore, events such as floods, droughts, and other natural catastrophe that may impose threat to a population spatial distribution, are also important examples of environmental stochasticity
Thus, all the above mentioned environmental effects pose a threat to the population of organims and all can be described as environmental stochasticity.