Answer:
D) Primary Motivation and Resources
Step-by-step explanation:
VALS represents Valued and Lifestyles. It is an abbreviation for research methodology used for market segmentation. VALS was developed by social scientist and consumer futurist, Arnold Mitchell in 1978. VALS has two dimensions: The vertical dimension represented by resources and the horizontal dimension represented by primary motivation. Vertical dimension segments based on income, education, intelligence and leadership skills while horizontal dimension segments based on knowledge and principles, social or physical activity and achievements.