Like terms are terms that have the same variable and power/exponent.
-4q - (-8q) + 10 (two negative signs cancel each other out and become positive)
-4q + 8q + 10 The only like terms you can combine are -4q and 8q, because they have the same variable of q and an exponent of 1.
4q + 10 (this is as far as you can simplify)