Question

Stem color of tomato plants is known to be under the genetic control of at least one pair of alleles such that A- results in the production of anthocyanin pigment (purple stem). The recessive genotype aa lacks this pigment and hence is green. The production of two locules in the tomato fruit is controlled by the dominant allele M and multiple locules is determined by mm. Give the genotype of the F1 plant produced by a cross between an inbred tomato plant that has a purple stem and fruit with two locules crossed to a tomato plant that have fruit with multiple locules and a green stem.

Answer 1

The F1 plant's genotype resulting from the described cross would be AaMm, inheriting the dominant allele A for purple stem color and the dominant allele M for two locules from one parent and the recessive alleles a and m for green stem color and multiple locules from the other parent.

Step-by-step explanation:

The genotype of the F1 plant produced by a cross between an inbred tomato plant with a purple stem and two locules and a tomato plant with multiple locules and a green stem would be AaMm. This F1 genotype results from the combination of the homozygous dominant alleles from the purple-stemmed, two-loculed parent (A-M-) and the homozygous recessive alleles from the green-stemmed, multiple-loculed parent (aa mm).

The allelic combinations for stem color are from 'A-' producing anthocyanin pigment resulting in a purple stem, while 'aa' lacks this pigment and has a green stem. For fruit locules, 'M' results in two locules, whereas 'mm' leads to multiple locules. Therefore, by crossing the two plants, each F1 offspring will inherit one allele from each parent for both traits, which are A from the purple-stemmed parent and a from the green-stemmed parent for stem color, and M from the two-loculed parent and m from the multiple-loculed parent for the number of locules.

Using Mendel's principles of dominance and segregation, we can ascertain that the F1 generation will exhibit the dominant phenotypes, which in this case would be purple stems due to the A allele being dominant over the a allele, and two locules since the M allele is dominant over the m allele.

Answer 2

Genotype - AaMm

Phenotype - Heterozygous purple stem and fruit with two locules

Step-by-step explanation:

Given

Trait 1 - Recessive allele for green color stem is represented by a

and dominant allele for purple color stem is represented by A

Trait 2 - Production of two locules in the tomato fruit is a dominant trait and is represented by "M" and production of multiple locules in the tomato fruit is a recessive trait and is represented by "m"

F1 cross is carried between tomato plant with purple stem and fruit with two locules (AAMM) and a tomato plant that have fruit with multiple locules and a green stem (aamm)

The following offspring will be produced

AM AM AM AM

am AaMm AaMm AaMm AaMm

am AaMm AaMm AaMm AaMm

am AaMm AaMm AaMm AaMm

am AaMm AaMm AaMm AaMm

Genotype - AaMm

Phenotype - Heterozygous purple stem and fruit with two locules