Final answer:
The person described is Abraham Lincoln, known for leading the U.S. through the Civil War and issuing the Emancipation Proclamation which is option b.
Step-by-step explanation:
The person described in the question is Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States. Lincoln is remembered for leading the country through its Civil War and working to end slavery with the Emancipation Proclamation. In the context of drawing a correct inference, the most useful piece of information is that he 'steered the nation through a civil war,' as this is a significant historical fact that can directly identify Lincoln. His physical characteristics, such as a large Adam's apple, are less helpful in identifying his historical importance or actions.