Answer:
Constant
8.80%
Step-by-step explanation:
The growing annuities refers to the series of payments that grow at a constant rate
And, the expected real rate of return is
As we know that
Real rate of return = {( 1 + nominal rate of return) ÷ ( 1+ inflation rate)} - 1
= {( 1 + 19.08%) ÷ ( 1 + 9.45%)} - 1
= (1.1908 ÷ 1.0945) - 1
= 8.80%
Simply we applied the above formula to determine the expected real rate of return