Answer:
D. rivers, mountains, lakes, and forests.
Step-by-step explanation:
A geographic information system (GIS) is a computer system that is used for analyzing various locations on Earth's surface or a geographic areas. It is used as a helping tool in planning and monitoring. Major geographic objects used for GIS are: points, lines, and polygons (areas). GIS software has various applications that are used widely in almost all fields of study.
The disadvantages are those of data transfer, of mis-match between data structures in the GIS and in the model, the difficulties for casual users and the difficulties of modifying the model code or hard-wiredparameters.
Rivers, mountains, lakes, and forests are not a member of elements for GIS analysis.