Question

Upon heavy damage to the cell's DNA, the normal replicative DNA polymerases may stall when encountering damaged DNA, triggering the use of backup translesion polymerases. These backup polymerases … Group of answer choices lack 3′-to-5′ exonucleolytic proofreading activity. are replaced by the replicative polymerases after adding only a few nucleotides. can create mutations even on undamaged DNA. may recognize specific DNA damage and add the appropriate nucleotide to restore the original sequence. All of the above.

Answer 1

may recognize specific DNA damage and add the appropriate nucleotide to restore the original sequence.

Step-by-step explanation:

DNA polymerase is the enzymes which synthesize a new strand of DNA by adding the nucleotides to the new stand.

The DNA polymerase enzymes also perform the activity of proofreading to look into if a wrong nucleotide has been added to the new strand or not.

In the given question, the backup polymerase is the same enzyme which synthesizes a new strand called the DNA polymerase. The DNA polymerase proofread the DNA by moving in 3'to 5' direction. For this, a protein complex is attached which scans the nucleotide and when the wrong nucleotide is found, DNA polymerase removes the wrong nucleotide and then add the correct nucleotide.

Thus, the selected option is correct.