Answer:
In 1960 and 1961 , an increasing number of inhabitants of East Berlin, the communist-controlled part of Berlin, fled to the western part in order to escape the oppressive life under the communist German regime. This was a serious leak of labor force, population and skilled people. So, in 1961, the authorities of the German Democratic Republic (communist state) decided to erect a wall along the borders of the former Soviet occupation zone with the Western-controlled parts of the city to stop this exodus.
The Berlin Wall became a symbol of the division of Germany and Europe into two opposed camps politically, militarily and ideologically.
Bulding a wall showed that the communist regime was not attractive to many Eastern German, that they preferred to live in a democratic and more prosperous western part of Germany. So, building the wall was a supposed show of force and authority, but it revealed the political weakness of the communist model.
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