Final answer:
John can deduct the full $17,000 as an ordinary loss for the current year's tax return under § 1244, assuming he has no other § 1244 losses.
Step-by-step explanation:
John's transactions with § 1244 stock involve recognizing capital losses which, under certain circumstances, may be treated as ordinary losses. Given that John originally purchased the stock for $40,000, sold half for $12,000, and sold the remaining for $3,000, his total proceeds from the sale are $15,000 ($12,000 from the first sale and $3,000 from the second sale). The basis or cost of the entire stock is $40,000, so he has realized a total loss of $25,000 ($40,000 - $15,000).
For the current year, John is recognizing a loss on the second half of the stock, which cost $20,000 initially (half of the total $40,000 cost basis). The sale proceeds were $3,000, resulting in a loss of $17,000 for this transaction. However, under § 1244, individuals may deduct as an ordinary loss up to $50,000 ($100,000 if married filing jointly) of losses on the disposition of small business stock.
Therefore, assuming John has no other § 1244 losses to report, he may deduct the full $17,000 as an ordinary loss on his current year's tax return.