Final answer:
The equilibrium price is $4, and the equilibrium quantity is 80 units by solving the system of equations where Qd and Qs are set equal to each other.
Step-by-step explanation:
To find the equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity for the given demand and supply equations Qd = 180 - 25P and Qs = -40 + 30P, we first set Qd equal to Qs as they are at equilibrium:
180 - 25P = -40 + 30P
Adding 25P to both sides and adding 40 to both sides gives us:
180 + 40 = 25P + 30P
220 = 55P
Dividing both sides by 55 yields:
P = 4
Thus, the equilibrium price (P) is $4. Plugging this back into either the demand or supply equation to find the equilibrium quantity (Q), we get:
Qd = 180 - 25(4)
Qd = 180 - 100
Qd = 80
So the equilibrium quantity (Q) is 80 units.