Final answer:
Cannibalism has been practiced by various cultures, such as the Wari' and the Aztecs, for differing reasons including mourning and warfare. Today, cannibalism is nearly universally illegal and considered taboo.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cannibalism is a complex and often misunderstood phenomenon that has been observed in various cultures throughout history. A notable example is provided by the Wari' people of western Amazonia in Brazil, who practiced endocannibalism and exocannibalism as part of their cultural traditions. Endocannibalism was an act of mourning and respect for deceased family members, where the consumption of a loved one's flesh was an ultimate act of reverence and transformation. Exocannibalism, on the other hand, involved eating those outside the cultural group, who were not seen as fully human.
The Aztecs, commonly known for their expansive empire, also participated in cannibalistic practices, though the details and extent are subject to scholarly debate. This was sometimes seen as a part of the warfare or imperial expansion strategies. Cultural representations of cannibalism have also been symbolically incorporated into certain religious rituals, indicating an identification with deities.
Cannibalism has often been associated with periods of scarcity or overpopulation, where resources were strained. However, it is essential to note that cannibalism is not a widespread practice today and is illegal and culturally taboo in nearly all societies.