Final answer:
A crest is the highest point a particle in the medium rises to and a trough is the lowest point a particle in the medium sinks to. The amplitude (A) is the maximum distance from equilibrium position to a crest (or trough), or the maximum displacement of a particle in a wave from its position of rest.
Step-by-step explanation:
A crest is the highest point a particle in the medium rises to. A trough is the lowest point a particle in the medium sinks to. In a transverse wave, the particles move perpendicular to the motion of the wave. The amplitude (A) is the maximum distance from equilibrium position to a crest (or trough), or the maximum displacement of a particle in a wave from its position of rest.