Answer:all adult German men during the second Reich (1871);
A small minority of Japan's male population after the adoption of the constitution (1889).
Explanation:One of the most critical ways that individuals can influence governmental decision-making is through voting. Voting is a formal expression of preference for a candidate for office or for a proposed resolution of an issue. Voting generally takes place in the context of a large-scale national or regional election, however, local and small-scale community elections can be just as critical to individual participation in government.