Answer: d. a period when neither nobles nor aristocrats could decide on a russian ruler.
Explanation: The time of troubles started after the death of Fyodor in 1598 and lasted until the Romanov dynasty took over in 1613. During this period, there was a lack of leadership and several factions rose to install a new king. Men who claimed to be heirs to Dmitry also contested the throne at different times during this period. In addition, the country was at war with Poland and there were uprisings from peasants due to a 2-year long famine.