Question

A model of a specific event during meiosis is shown with various possible combinations. Which statement correctly cites evidence from the model to support the idea that meiosis increases genetic diversity?

Answer 1

Meiosis and genetic diversity

Step-by-step explanation:

Meiosis is a special type of cell division found in germ cells

• In meiosis four genetically different cells are produced from single parent cell(mother cell)
• During meiosis cell divides two times first division is called meiosis I and second division is called meiosis II
• Meiosis I is a long phase and number of chromosomes just become half,separation of homologous chromosomes and genetic recombination (crossing over) occurs in this phase while meiosis II is similar to mitosis and here separation of sister chromatids occurs
• Meiosis I is completed in 4 sequential phases namely-Prophase I,Metaphase I,Anaphase I,Telophase I
• Prophase I is the longest phase and here DNA segments are exchanged between homologous chromosomes resulting in different combinations of alleles which gives an idea of increase in genetic diversity
• Prophase I is the longest stage and consists of 5 sub-stages: Leptotene,Zygotene,Pachytene,Diplotene,Diakinesis
• In Leptotene chromosomes start to condense
• Zygotene is the stage where of pairing of homologous chromosomes occurs
• Pachytene is the phase of crossing over(exchange of genetic material),a genetic rearrangement between non sister chromatids occurs which forms a basis of genetic diversity
• Diplotene is where partial separation of homologous chromosomes occurs
• In Diakinesis centrosome movement and spindle formation occurs

Answer 2

Law of Independent Assortment

Step-by-step explanation:

• Gametes are made by the process of meiosis 1, wherein chromosomes containing parent genes are randomly sorted and separated into the gamete cells. Before they are separated, though, the chromosomes undergo a process of crossing over, where the chromosomes basically swap genes with each other, leading to new chromosome configurations
• This helps to ensure that independent assortment takes place. In the diagram, we see that the red and blue chromosomes undergo crossing over, and the result is a mix-match of color on each chromosome. These colors represent the genes that they have swapped. The resulting gametes each have a unique combination of the genes inherited by their parents, and thus, the genes will manifest themselves independently of each other
• Hence, the right answer is "Chromosomes can align in metaphase I in multiple possible arrangements in a process called independent assortment"