Answer:
4. shaping
Step-by-step explanation:
Applied Behavioural Analysis is. mainly focused on rewarding closer and closer approximations to the desired behavior. This on its own is the definition of shaping.
Shaping is mainly used to develop a target behavior that a person does not currently exhibit. Shaping is defined as the differential reinforcement of successive approximations of a target behavior, this is done until the person exhibits the target behavior.