Question

In March 1921, Lenin took "one step backward in order to take two steps forward" and abandoned the unpopular "war communism" in favor of

Answer 1

Lenin abandoned war communism for the New Economic Policy (NEP) in 1921, allowing certain capitalist practices in the Soviet economy to alleviate economic hardships.

Step-by-step explanation:

In March 1921, Lenin took "one step backward in order to take two steps forward" and abandoned the unpopular "war communism" in favor of the New Economic Policy (NEP). The NEP was an emergency response implemented to address the significant economic hardships and rising discontent among the Russian populace following World War I and the Russian civil war. The policy kept the government in control of the economy but introduced elements of capitalism, such as allowing peasants to sell their produce in the market and permitting the operation of small businesses through private ownership, rather than state ownership. This marked a departure from the pure socialist state that Lenin had envisioned but was seen as necessary to improve the dire economic situation of the time.

Answer 2

The New Economic Policy (NEP)

Step-by-step explanation:

The policy of "War Communism", characterized by the nationalization of Soviet industries during the first three years after the October Revolution saw a dramatic decrease in production in both agricultural and industrial sectors of the economy. This led to plummeting wages and the confiscation of surplus in Soviet grain stores to be diverted to the industrial sectors when famine hit. The following Kronshtadt Rebellion was the final nail in the coffin for Lenin's plan that convinced him to pursue the NEP. A step back from his previous collectivization of private industries and a move meant to be temporary, it focused on a more market centric approach to the economy that continued after Lenin's death under Joseph Stalin. It would see the policy reimagined for the rest of the course of Soviet History, with a continuation of market reforms until their collapse in 1991.