Answer:
1. The protons used to make the gradient have energy associated with them that normally drivesATP synthesis but when the gradient is negated by DNP the energy is released as heat.
2. His electron transport chain had increased activity to off-set the protons transported by DNP so more oxygen was required to accept the electrons, the rapid breathing was his body’s way to try to get more oxygen.
3. Both A and B are likely explanations.
4. Uncoupling proteins are highly regulated and only active when needed and not to the excess of causing problems while DNP has no regulation beyond how much you take.
5. A hibernating bear.
Step-by-step explanation:
1. DNP decreases the formation of phosphate bonds in the mitochondria and also decreases oxygen consumption. DNP acts as a chemical ionophore, which stops the process of converting the final energy, since it is in charge of exporting the proton ions required for the production of ATP. When the proton electrochemical gradient change occurs, it causes the potential energy to dissipate in the form of heat, producing fever in the individual.
2. A large amount of oxygen is needed during rapid respiration, this occurs upon decoupling in oxidative phosphorylation and oxygen consumption.
3. weakness and nausea are caused by the oxidative phosphorylation that is altered, in addition to the lack of ATP production and, finally, the stimulation of glycolysis.
4. the effect as DNP does not take place because the uncoupling proteins are regulated and are activated only when needed.
5. A protein uncoupling occurs when excess heat is needed, for example after dinner.