Question

Complete the following vocabulary exercise related to the process of translation of mRNA to protein by the ribosome. Match the words in the left-hand column with the appropriate blank in the sentences in the right-hand column.1. Initiationof translation always happens at the start codon of the mRNA.

2. The RNA that has an amino acid attached to it, and that binds to the codon on the mRNA, is called atRNA.
3. Amino acids are attached to tRNA by enzymes called aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase.
4. Terminationof translation happens when the ribosome hits a stop codon on the mRNA.
5. The process, performed by the ribosome, of reading mRNA and synthesizing a protein is called translation.

Answer 1

The process of translation includes initiation at the start codon, involvement of tRNA and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, and termination at a stop codon to synthesize proteins.

Step-by-step explanation:

Understanding the Process of Translation

The process of translation of mRNA to a protein involves several key stages and molecules. Let's explore and match the terminology to complete the sentences.

1. Initiation of translation always happens at the start codon of the mRNA.
2. The RNA that has an amino acid attached to it, and that binds to the codon on the mRNA, is called tRNA.
3. Amino acids are attached to tRNA by enzymes called aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases.
4. Termination of translation happens when the ribosome hits a stop codon on the mRNA.
5. The process, performed by the ribosome, of reading mRNA and synthesizing a protein is called translation.

These steps are essential for the accurate synthesis of proteins, which are critical for virtually all cellular functions.