Answer:
A. The hurricane has caused a population bottleneck.
Step-by-step explanation:
A population bottleneck is a phenomenon that leads to a sharp decrease in the genetic variation of a population as a result of environmental disasters such as droughts, famine, hurricane, epidemics, etc.
The total genetic variation in a bottleneck population remains very small without gene flow from external sources or random mutation and this makes the population to be susceptible and easily wiped out by negative environmental changes.
However, if the bottleneck population consist of individuals that are best fitted to the environment, it increases the overall adaptation of the population to environmental changes.
The correct option is A.