Final answer:
Recombinant DNA technology allowed scientists to insert the human insulin gene into bacteria, such as E. coli, to mass produce human insulin that is identical to our own, minimizing allergic reactions and making diabetes treatment more accessible.
Step-by-step explanation:
The scientific technology used to create bacteria that can produce human insulin is known as recombinant DNA technology. This process involves the transformation of bacteria, such as E. coli, which involves inserting the human insulin gene into the bacterial DNA. These genetically modified bacteria effectively become insulin-producing factories, which is particularly useful for treating diabetes. Mass production of insulin in this way has made this essential medication much more affordable and accessible.
The development and use of recombinant DNA technology have provided us with numerous benefits, such as the ability to manufacture hormones like insulin and human growth hormone (HGH), as well as the creation of recombinant vaccines and the improved production of antibiotics. It has effectively alleviated issues arising from the use of animal insulin sources, such as allergic reactions due to slight differences in insulin molecules.