Answer:
Cognitive restructuring.
Step-by-step explanation:
'Cognitive restructuring' is demonstrated as the psycho-therapeutic process crucial to CBT(cognitive behavioral therapy) as it aims to teach an individual to learn about identifying the cognitive distortions like anxiety, depression, stress, etc. and disproving them through modified behavior which assists in rectifying this negative belief by replacing them with positive and constructive thoughts.
As per the question, the 'cognitive restructuring' method has been employed in the given excerpt as the 'dysfunctional attitudes and irrational beliefs' are identified as well as challenged to modify them which would help him to overcome this 'fear or terror of being stranded out at sea'. Thus, it justifies the above definition and hence, 'cognitive restructuring' is the answer.