Question

The high cohesion of liquid water influences the properties of the air-sea interface as well as the formation of sea spray and aerosols in the atmosphere.

This arises from:

a) molecules at the interface form stronger inward bonds

b) interactions with solid surfaces

c) how solutes reduce surface tension

d) hydrogen bonding of the interior molecules

Answer 1

molecules at the interface form stronger inward bonds

Step-by-step explanation:

The hydrogen bonds between molecules of water cause water molecules to strongly aggregate in the bulk of the liquid, however, at the air-water boundary, water forms stronger inward bonds of which the strong cohesive forces between the water molecules as opposed to the attraction of the water molecules to the air is responsible for this. Water molecules on the surface have no neighbours so they exert the greatest inward force.