Final answer:
A complex medium is a type of growth media used in microbiology that contains extracts and digests of yeasts, meat, or plants, with an unknown and variable chemical composition. Complex media can be both selective and differential, making them a combination of both types of media.
Step-by-step explanation:
A complex medium is a type of growth media used in microbiology that contains extracts and digests of yeasts, meat, or plants, with an unknown and variable chemical composition. The amounts of individual components in a complex medium are undetermined. Examples of complex media include nutrient broth, tryptic soy broth, and brain heart infusion.
Complex media are different from chemically defined media, which have a known and defined chemical composition. Chemically defined media contain only chemically known components. Selective media favor the growth of certain microorganisms while inhibiting others, and differential media help distinguish bacteria by the color of colonies or changes in the medium. Complex media can be both selective and differential, making them a combination of both types of media. Therefore, the correct answer is D. a selective medium, a differential medium, and a complex medium.