Question

When the same amount of heat is added to 50.0 g of each substance, which of the following will have the smallest temperature increase?

Answer 1

Al will have the smallest temperature increase because it has the highest heat capacity. Option A

How does heat capacity affect the rise in temperature of an object when heat is added?

A higher heat capacity indicates that a given temperature change requires a greater amount of heat energy.

Aluminum has a large heat-absorbing capacity without experiencing a noticeable temperature increase. On the other hand, materials with low heat capacities—such as the other metals on the list—warm up more noticeably when heat is added.

Answer 2

Aluminium

Step-by-step explanation:

When a certain amount of heat is supplied to a substance, the temperature of the substance increases according to the equation:

`\Delta T = (Q)/(mC)`

where

`\Delta T` is the increase in temperature

Q is the amount of heat supplied to the substance

m is the mass of the substance

C is the specific heat capacity of the substance

Here the four substances have the same mass,

m = 50.0 g

Also, the amount of heat supplied to the 4 substances is the same. This means that their increase in temperature is inversely proportional to their specific heat capacity:

`\Delta T \propto (1)/(C)`

Therefore, the substance with the highest specific heat capacity will have the smallest temperature increase: by comparing the values in the table, we see that alluminium has the highest specific heat capacity (0.90 J/gC), therefore it will have the smallest temperature increase.