Question

In addition to specific neurotransmitter abnormalities, what other biological disruption has been implicated by the chemical action of lithium?

Answer 1

Lithium is an essential nutrient mainly used as mood stabilizer in patients with bipolar disorder. it has mild and reversible toxic effects on kidney, liver, heart, and glands.

Some if the adverse effects of lithium are tremor,ataxia, confusion, convulsion,nausea, vomitting, diarrhoea, arrhythmias, polyuria, polydipsia,goitre and hypothyroidism.

The effective dose range for lithium is 0.6-1.0 mM in serum and >1.5 mM may be toxic. Serum lithium levels of 1.5-2.0 mM

Answer 2

Nausea, hypothyroidism, weight gain and diarrhea

Step-by-step explanation:

Lithium is usually indicated to treat acute mania and bipolar diseases. It can also lead to biological disorders including; nausea, hypothyroidism, weight gain and diarrhea.

At a molecular level it is suggested that these biological disorders are caused by effects or interaction of lithium with proteins including; inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2, increased cell cycle activity, reduce inositol monophosphate activity, inhibition of GSK3β/vasopressin activity.