Final answer:
Roger is displaying a high level of fluid intelligence by his ability to make inferences and understand new concepts, which involves high-level reasoning and pattern recognition crucial for generalizing learned concepts.
Step-by-step explanation:
Roger, a student in elementary school, is demonstrating a high level of fluid intelligence. Fluid intelligence is the capacity to think logically and solve problems in novel situations, independent of acquired knowledge. It involves the ability to identify patterns, make inferences, and understand the relationships between concepts without prior experience. Roger's ability to organize information by making generalizations, distinguishing essential from nonessential elements, and validating or invalidating relationships indicates a sophisticated use of reasoning akin to logical and mathematical thought. This skill is crucial for understanding and applying learned concepts in different contexts and for engaging in outside-the-box thinking. When students, like Roger, justify claims with evidence and connect concepts in and across domains to generalize or extrapolate, they show a level of intellectual engagement that aligns with the expectations found in education standards, such as the ability to connect concepts as mentioned in 7.2 of a given curriculum guideline.