Answer:
a group of plant associations whose main strata consist of the same species (for example, all associations in which meadow foxtail or Scotch pine is dominant). A plant formation can include genetically and ecologically different associations. For example, a formation of Scotch pine forests can embrace sphagnum pine groves and pine groves with plants typical of broad-leaved forests. Hence, some modern geobotanists use the term “plant formation” without any connotation of rank or taxonomic unit
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