Final answer:
The scenario where increasing temperatures cause more water vapor to enter the atmosphere, thus increasing the greenhouse effect and leading to further temperature rises, is known as a positive feedback loop.
Step-by-step explanation:
As air temperatures increase, evaporation increases, which further adds water vapor to the atmosphere. This increase in water vapor, a potent greenhouse gas, accelerates the greenhouse effect. The phenomenon described, where warmer temperatures lead to more water vapor, which then causes temperatures to increase even further, is known as a positive feedback loop. It's a self-reinforcing cycle that can lead to more significant and faster changes in the climate system. With the greenhouse effect, trace gases like carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor (H2O) trap the Earth's heat, keeping the planet warmer than it would be without these gases. This effect not only increases Earth's average surface temperature but also influences overall weather patterns, including temperature and precipitation levels.