Question

In an exploratory study such as this, one problem is defining what the "data" are -- the information we should collect. Also, what should have been done to minimize the effects of experimenter bias on the outcome of the study?

Answer 1

In an exploratory study, defining the data is important. Steps to minimize the effects of experimenter bias include random assignment, blinding, and clear criteria for behavior recording.

Step-by-step explanation:

In an exploratory study, the problem of defining the "data" is important. The data refers to the information that needs to be collected. To minimize the effects of experimenter bias on the outcome of the study, there are certain steps that can be taken.

1. To minimize bias, researchers can use random assignment of subjects to treatment groups. This helps ensure that any differences in the groups' responses are due to the treatment, not the experimenter's expectations.
2. Researchers can also use blinding, where both the researcher and the subjects are unaware of which treatment group they are in. This helps prevent the researcher's expectations from influencing the study's outcome.
3. Having clear criteria for recording and classifying behaviors can also help minimize experimenter bias. This ensures that observations are objective and consistent.

Answer 2

In the experiment related Stanfornd Prison, the fact that acted as a bias on the outcome of the study was that the researchers had to worry about aspects of sequirity instead of focusing on the research.

Step-by-step explanation:

The rumor of the escape plot in the Stanford Prison, took a turn in the investigation, as the researches tried to take the matter in their hands,

This misslead the investigation, which involves observation more than taking part of the incident.

The investigator should have kept distance from the problem and let the prison superinendent solve the problem. This way the researches could have continued their exploratory study, without causing this bias to affect the investigation.