Answer:
d. Any countermeasure that prevents a vulnerability from being exploited
Step-by-step explanation:
Vulnerability is a weakness which can be potentially exploited by an attacker. And control is that counter measure which prevents the vulnerability from being exploited by the exploiter or the attacker. Control is necessary to prevent any species or object from exploitation and misuse. It restrain the attacker and safes the vulnerable.
Hence the correct option is (d).