Question

The psychologist conducted a famous experiment in which he created a phobia-like condition in Little Albert. In this experiment, the psychologist whenever Little Albert _____. Afterward, Little Albert whimpered and cried every time he _____. He also whimpered and cried when he _____, which is an example of _____. This experiment was important because it showed that phobias could be explained by rather than repressed sexual desires.

Answer 1

The Little Albert experiment by John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner involved classical conditioning where Little Albert was conditioned to fear a white rat. The experiment illustrated how emotional responses can be conditioned, showcasing stimulus generalization beyond the initial conditioned stimulus.

Step-by-step explanation:

In the classic Little Albert experiment conducted by John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner, a young boy was conditioned to fear a white rat through the process of classical conditioning. At first, Little Albert showed no fear of the rat. During the conditioning phase, Watson and Rayner paired the presentation of the white rat (Conditioned Stimulus - CS) with a loud, frightening noise (Unconditioned Stimulus - UCS), leading to Little Albert’s fear response (Unconditioned Response - UCR) of crying. After repeated pairings, Little Albert began to show fear (Conditioned Response - CR) at the sight of the white rat alone.

This fear later generalized to other furry objects, such as a rabbit and a Santa Claus mask, an example of stimulus generalization. The experiment was significant because it demonstrated that emotional responses such as fear could be conditioned and were not necessarily the result of repressed conflicts as posited by Freud.

Answer 2

1) Little Albert B (Known as Little Albert today)

2) When he was shown the rat

3) Whenever he saw a white object

4) Conditioned response

Step-by-step explanation:

The Little Albert experiment presents and example of how classical conditioning can be used to condition an emotional response.

• Neutral Stimulus: The white rat

• Unconditioned Stimulus: The loud noise

• Unconditioned Response: Fear

• Conditioned Stimulus: The white rat

• Conditioned Response: Fear