Question

Consider the following hypothetical reaction: 2 P + Q → 2 R + S The following mechanism is proposed for this reaction: P + P Q + T U →→→ T R + U R + S(fast)(slow)(fast) Substances T and U are unstable intermediates. What rate law is predicted by this mechanism?

Answer 1

Rate = k [P]²[Q]

Step-by-step explanation:

1st reaction is bimolecular therefore its overall rate order is 2

rate law = k1[P]²

2nd reaction is also bimolecular and it's the slowest. The slow step is the rate-determining step so it dictates the overall reaction.

rate law = K2 [Q][T]

In this case, T is both a reactant and an intermediate. Rate laws do not contain the concentrations of the intermediates. They are expressed in terms of the concentrations of the starting substances.

k-1[T] = k1[P]² (note that the k-1 indicates the reverse of the first step)

[T] = k1/k-1 x [P]²

We must use the rate law of the slowest reaction to predict the correct answer:

rate law = k2 k1/k-1 x [P]² [Q] (k1/k-1 cancel each other)

rate law = k[P]² [Q]

Answer 2

Answer: the answer is option (D). k[P]²[Q]

Step-by-step explanation:

first of all, let us consider the reaction from the question;

2P + Q → 2R + S

and the reaction mechanism for the above reaction given thus,

P + P ⇄ T (fast)

Q + T → R + U (slow)

U → R + S (fast)

we would be applying the Rate law to determine the mechanism.

The mechanism above is a three step process where the slowest step seen is the rate determining step. From this, we can see that this slow step involves an intermediate T as reactant and is expressed in terms of a starting substance P.

It is important to understand that laws based on experiment do not allow for intermediate concentration.

The mechanism steps for the reactions in the question are given below when we add them by cancelling the intermediates on the opposite side of the equations then we get the overall reaction equation.

adding this steps gives a final overall reaction reaction.

2P + Q ------------˃ 2R + S

Thus the rate equation is given as

Rate (R) = K[P]²[Q]

cheers, i hope this helps