Answer:
d. price competition is especially vigorous, buyers have low switching costs, and the majority of industry sales are made to a few, large volume buyers.
Step-by-step explanation:
Michael Porter specified 4 generic strategies for gaining competitive advantage, which are namely,
1. Cost Focus
2. Differentiation Focus
3. Cost Leadership
4. Differentiation
Cost leadership refers to charging lowest price and attaining cost advantage in the industry.
Differentiation refers to designing products with unique attributes.
Striving to be low cost provider would be most attractive when the buyers have low switching costs i.e it is easier and cheap to switch between products and wherein buyers are large and exercise considerable bargaining power.
Thus, the correct option is (d). price competition is especially vigorous, buyers have low switching costs, and the majority of industry sales are made to a few, large volume buyers.