Final answer:
This is an example of classical conditioning, where the ride swerving suddenly elicits an automatic muscle tension response, and the clanking sound becomes associated with the swerving, eventually eliciting the muscle tension response on its own.
Step-by-step explanation:
This is an example of classical conditioning because the ride swerving suddenly is the unconditioned stimulus that elicits the automatic muscle tension response, which is the unconditioned response. The clanking sound, on the other hand, is the conditioned stimulus that becomes associated with the swerving and eventually elicits the muscle tension response even without the actual swerving happening.