Question

with examples show how Pan-African movement compares with the present movement of regional cooperation and Integration in Africa.​

Answer 1

The Pan-African movement aimed at political and cultural unification, while current African regional cooperation focuses on economic and security integration, both striving to uplift the continent despite differing in scope and approach.

Step-by-step explanation:

The Pan-African movement and present movements of regional cooperation and integration in Africa have shared goals of unity and progress but differ in their approaches and contexts. The Pan-African movement, historically spearheaded by figures like W. E. B. Du Bois and Cheikh Anta Diop, focused on political and cultural unification across the African diaspora with an emphasis on independence and reclaiming cultural identity, as seen in the first Pan-African Congress in 1919 and scholarly work on the African contribution to civilization.

In contrast, contemporary regional cooperation efforts, such as those by the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and the African Union (AU), emphasize economic integration, trade, common transportation, security, and industry. The AU's role in addressing security challenges through plans like the African Peace and Security Architecture, along with economic agreements, illustrate the practical and economic focus of modern regional integration efforts.

Despite the Pan-African movement's broader cultural and political scope, both historical and current movements work toward the overarching aim of uplifting the continent through unity—yet, today's initiatives often encounter challenges like globalization, political instability, and the need for development, as highlighted by Africa's disproportionate share of global foreign direct investment and ongoing security concerns.

Answer 2

Pan-Africanism is the name given to an ideology that believes that the union of people from all countries of the African continent in the fight against racial prejudice and social problems is an alternative to try to solve them.

A notable feature of regional integration in Africa can be seen through the participation of African states in various regional trade agreements. Currently, of the 54 countries, 27 are members of two regional organizations, 18 belong to three, one country participates in four entities. To close the account, seven countries maintained participation in only one block.

It should be noted that in the search for unity and for the collective development strategy, some nations have been establishing a series of external partnerships, which the continent has endeavored to face collectively.