Answer:
Gains are the increases in equity from peripheral transactions of an entity.
Step-by-step explanation:
It seems that the question is asking about the definition of gains as per the concept of Peripheral transactions.
Peripheral transactions are incidental transactions i.e. transactions in which gains accrue to the business out of transactions which are related to its non-core operations. This means that the gain must not be from the operational activities of the concern.
For example, Apple's gains from selling i-phones aren't included in gains as per peripheral transactions but its gains from investing activities in stock market, definitely are.
Hence, according to the Peripheral transactions concept gains must be from non-operational activities of an concern. Thus, gains in peripheral transactions context are the increases in equity from peripheral transactions of an entity.