Question

Commercial dredging operation in ancient rivers occasionallyuncover archaeological artifacts of great importance. One suchartifact is Bronze Age spearheads recovered from ancient rivers inIreland. A recent study gave the following information regardingdiscoveries of ancient bronze spearheads in Irish rivers

River Bann Blackwater Erne Shannon Barrow
#spearheads = 19 8 15 33 14
(a). make a pareto chart for these data
(b). make a circle graph for these data

Answer 1

A) Refer attached fig. or pareto chart

Explanation:

Given data

Rivers Bann Blackwater Erne Shannon Barrow

Spearheads(fi) 19 8 15 33 14

a)

Pareto charts are those charts who has both bars and lines. bars are shown in descending order and the cumulative total is represented by the line.

b) Circle graph

Circle graph is also known as pie chart

In this chart we divided into circle in to different segments according to formula.

Total frequency of spreads in = 19+8+15+33+14=90

i) Bann

fi =19

percentage =
`(19)/(90)*100 = 21.35`%

Segment size = 21.35% × 360 = 77°

ii) Black water

fi = 8

percentage =
`(8)/(90) * 100` = 8.99%

Segment size = 8.99% × 360 = 32°

iii) Erne

fi = 15

percentage =
`(15)/(90) * 100` = 16.85%

Segment size = 16.85% × 360 = 61°

iv) Shannon

fi = 33

percentage =
`(33)/(90)*100` = 37.08%

Segment size = 37.08% × 360 = 133°

iv) Barrow

fi = 14

percentage =
`(14)/(90) *100` = 15.73%

Segment size = 15.73% × 360 = 57°