Answer:
B. management by exception.
Step-by-step explanation:
Management by exception, as the title suggest is the management of the activities which have a highlighting impact on the performance of activities accepted.
Basically when there is a difference in the activity level, which causes a major deviation from the acceptance level, then the management in priority investigates such transactions and then accordingly tries to find the loop holes in the planning and execution of tasks.
In this manner, the management chooses to investigate the activities which are significantly different from the ones that are planned.