Question

determine whether each of the following electron configurations is an inert gas, a halogen, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, or a transition metal. Justify your choices.

Answer 1

This is an incomplete question, here is a complete question.

Determine whether each of the following electron configurations is an inert gas, a halogen, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, or a transition metal. Justify your choices.

(a)
`1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^5`

(b)
`1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^63d^74s^2`

(c)
`1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^63d^(10)4s^24p^6`

(d)
`1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^63d^4s^1`

Answer :

(a)
`1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^5` → Halogen

(b)
`1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^63d^74s^2` → Transition metal

(c)
`1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^63d^(10)4s^24p^6` → Transition metal

(d)
`1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^63d^4s^1` → Transition metal

Explanation :

Inert gas : These are the gases which lie in group 18.

Their general electronic configuration is:
`ns^2np^6` where n is the outermost shell.

Halogen : These are the elements which lie in group 17.

Their general electronic configuration is:
`ns^2np^5` where n is the outermost shell.

An alkali metal : These are the elements which lie in group 1.

Their general electronic configuration is:
`ns^1` where n is the outermost shell.

An alkaline earth metal : These are the elements which lie in group 2.

Their general electronic configuration is:
`ns^2` where n is the outermost shell.

Transition elements : They are the elements which lie between 's' and 'p' block elements. These are the elements which lie in group 3 to 12. The valence electrons of these elements enter d-orbital.

Their general electronic configuration is:
`(n-1)d^(1-10)ns^(0-2)` where n is the outermost shell.

(a)
`1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^5`

The element having this electronic configuration belongs to the halogen family.

(b)
`1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^63d^74s^2`

The element having this electronic configuration belongs to the transition family.

(c)
`1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^63d^(10)4s^24p^6`

The element having this electronic configuration belongs to the transition family.

(d)
`1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^63d^4s^1`

The element having this electronic configuration belongs to the transition family.