Final answer:
In the neutralization reaction between HCl and NaOH, a one-to-one mole ratio leads to a predictable enthalpy change (ΔHrxn). The temperature increase signifies an exothermic reaction, and ΔHrxn can be calculated using the formula q=mcΔT, considering the reaction's exothermic nature.
Step-by-step explanation:
The relationship between X and Y refers to the amount of heat (ΔH) released during the neutralization reaction between hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). In this reaction, a one-to-one mole ratio is observed, meaning 1 mole of HCl reacts with 1 mole of NaOH to produce 1 mole of sodium chloride (NaCl) and water (H₂O)
When calculating the enthalpy change, the student must use the temperature change, the mass of the solution, and the specific heat capacity (which is assumed to be the same as water's for this type of experiment). The amount of heat produced (ΔHrxn) can be calculated using the formula q = mcΔT, where 'm' is the mass of the solution, 'c' is the specific heat capacity, and 'ΔT' is the change in temperature.
In a typical calorimetry experiment, the student would need to carefully measure the temperature changes and use stoichiometry to relate the amounts of the reactants to the heat released. If the temperature increases, as in the example provided, it indicates that the reaction is exothermic, and the value for ΔHrxn would be negative, signifying that heat is released into the surroundings.