Hi, you haven't provided the concrete and hypothetical populations, I'll be using people with red hair in Texas as our population, but you can use a similar approach for the population you decide to use.
Answer:
- Probability question: For a known group of people in Texas, what is the probability that we select two people with red hair?
- Inferential statistics question: From a large population, selected randomly, we found that five of them have red hair, what is the total proportion of people with red hair in Texas?
Explanation:
As you can see from the questions, the main difference between statics and probability has to do with knowledge, what do we know about our population? For the first question (probability) we talked about a known group of people, and base on our knowledge we ask about the probability of selecting people with red hair. For the second question (statistics) we are asked to make an inference about all the population based just on a sample (we don't have all the knowledge), also we say that the last question is Inferential because the data come from a large population selected randomly.