Question

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.Original SourceAnalysis of patterns in time (APT) is a method for gathering information about observable phenomena such that probabilities of temporal patterns of events can be estimated empirically. If appropriate sampling strategies are employed, temporal patterns can be predicted from APT results. Finally, APT is compared to the linear models approach and event history analysis. The major difference is that in APT there is no mathematical model assumed to characterize relations among variables. In APT the model is the temporal pattern being investigated.References:Frick, T. (1990). Analysis of Patterns in Time (APT): A Method of Recording and Quantifying Temporal Relations in Education. American Educational Research Journal, 27(1), 180-204.Student VersionAPT is an empirical approach to observing and coding phenomena by using mutually exclusive and exhaustive categories within multiple classifications (Frick, 1990). Once these data have been collected, researchers specify APT queries to calculate the probability of joint and/or sequential patterns of interest. In effect, researchers create measures of temporal patterns by counting the occurrences of these coded patterns. According to Frick, Analysis of Patterns in Time is different from the linear models approach of measuring variables separately and using statistics to analyze their relations.References:Frick, T. (1990). Analysis of Patterns in Time (APT): A Method of Recording and Quantifying Temporal Relations in Education. American Educational Research Journal, 27(1), 180-204.Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?A. Word-for-Word plagiarismB. Paraphrasing plagiarismC. This is not plagiarism

Answer 1

The student has paraphrased the source material without copying it word-for-word. The rendition needs to be checked for paraphrasing plagiarism, and although cited, the paraphrasing must be sufficiently unique and correctly attributed to avoid plagiarism.

Step-by-step explanation:

The student's extracted text in the student version rephrases the original source's key concepts and maintains the core meaning without copying the text word-for-word. There is no word-for-word plagiarism, as the student has not copied the original text exactly. However, the student's rendition could be considered paraphrasing plagiarism if it is determined that the rephrased ideas are too closely similar to the original source without sufficient originality or if proper attribution through citation is lacking or insufficient.

Analysis of the student's work would involve checking for the proper attribution to the source (Frick, 1990), considering if the paraphrasing is sufficiently unique, and ensuring that the original meaning is not distorted. Attribution as seen in the reference could legitimize the paraphrase, assuming it is done correctly. In academic writing, good practice includes not only the citation but also a distinct voice and unique contributions to the subject by the student to avoid plagiarism.

Answer 2

b. paraphrasing plagiarism

Step-by-step explanation:

The student did not quote the original work word for word and so it cannot be considered word for word plagiarism. However the student could be said to have committed paraphrasing plagiarism since he failed to reference the author of the original work on which his work is based rather he copied the author's reference. If he had referenced the author of the original work it wouldn't have been plagiarism.