The First one is 2, The answer to question 2 would be: Gene Splicing or Cloning
First, the gene that makes insulin is cut from human cells. After having the insulin gene, the scientist will put it inside bacteria so the bacteria will produce human insulin. This was called gene splicing.
Then the bacteria have insulin genes, the bacteria will be cloned to make multiple colonies of same bacteria. This phase called cloning.
and the last one 2, mitochondria.
Hope This Helps! :)
QuezoMartiinez <3