Answer:
The correct answer is C) founder effects
Step-by-step explanation:
Founder's effect occurs in the small population which is isolated from the main population geographically due to some disturbance like tsunami, earthquake, or migration.
The new population have small genetic pool than the original population because some alleles are absent in the founder population which was present in the original population.
So when a new island is made then the evolution of life on that island is most strongly influenced by founder effect because initially very few number of any species come and establish there and over the time they evolve in new species. So the correct answer is C.