Answer: b) clashing belief systems between cultures.
Options:
a) the universality of cultural belief systems.
b) clashing belief systems between cultures.
c) the dominance of certain cultural belief systems,.
d) the diversity of cultural belief systems.
Explanation: Postformal thinking occurs after adolescence. It is at this stage that an individual becomes aware of the contradictions between the same ideas such as the clashing belief systems between cultures. In addition, during this stage of cognitive development , a person is better able to see how comp.ex some issues are, that everything is not black or white but there are varying shades of what is right and what is wrong.